Similar to other elite racing shoes, the Vaporfly is impossibly lightweight. But unlike the shoes made by competing brands like Adidas or Saucony, the Vaporfly’s midsole contains a thick layer of super squishy foam, which Nike calls ZoomX, and a carbon fiber plate.
Biomechanics experts say the idea behind the carbon fiber plate is to mimic the spring amputee runners get from the blades of their prosthetics. The spring allows athletes to exert less energy to run the same speed. The concept has been around for a little more than a decade, but Nike is the first manufacturer to successfully employ a carbon fiber plate in a shoe.
This marginal boost in efficiency may be hard to notice in a 100-meter dash, but Nike says that it can improve a runner’s time by up to 4.2%. In distances as long as the marathon that’s significant—it would shave almost nine minutes off of a 3:30:00 marathoner’s personal best.
“The interesting thing is for the elite runners it translates to less than 1% per percent of economy, but for the back of the pack person they actually get more out of it.”
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